報告書番号

EY96001

タイトル（和文）

HARMONIZATION OF THE PROMOTION OF ENERGY CONSERVATION AND RENEWABLES WITH THE DERAGULATION OF ELECTRICITY SUPPLY INDUSTRY

タイトル（英文）

HARMONIZATION OF THE PROMOTION OF ENERGY CONSERVATION AND RENEWABLES WITH THE DERAGULATION OF ELECTRICITY SUPPLY INDUSTRY

概要 （図表や脚注は「報告書全文」に掲載しております）

本稿では，競争の導入が電気事業の経営行動を通じて環境や省エネルギーに及ぼす影響を検討するとともに，その対応策を考察している。その主な成果は，（１）競争導入により電気事業の垂直統合が分離される場合には，発電サイドと需要サイドの接点が■断されるため，発電・送電・配電の各社のＤＳＭへのインセティブは大幅に削減される。（２）その一方で，競争導入はコスト意識を徹底化させ，ＤＳＭは新たなビジネス・チャンスを生む。（３）環境への外部外効果を考慮に入れた社会的に望ましいＤＳＭプログラムは規制当局の介入なしでは存続は困難となる可能性がある，などである。

概要 （英文）

IN THE US,DRASTIC REFORMS OF THE ELECTRICITYSUPPLY INDUSTRY(ESI)ARE TAKING PLACE INCLUDING THE RESTRUCTURING OF DSM PROGRAMMES.IN ENGLAND AND WALES,QUESTIONS CONCERNING THE IMPROVEMENT OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND THE IMPACT OF ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION ON THE GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE HAVE BEEN NEGLECTED IN THE BEGINNING OF THE REFORMS.THIS RESULTED IN REGULATORY INTERVENTION AND THE FOUNDATION OF THE ENERGY SAVING TRUST IN 1992.THE PRIMARY GOAL OF ECONOMIC DEREGULATION OF THE ESI HAS BEEN TO PURSUE ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY.BUT AUTHORITIES SEE THE NEED FOR A HARMONISATION OF DEREGULATION POLICY AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY. TAKING THIS AS A STARTING POINT,THIS PAPER INVESTIGATES THE IMPACT OFCOMPETITION ON THE ENVIRONMENT AND COUNTERMEASURES TO MITIGATE POSSIBLE NEGATIVE IMPACTS.THE CURRENT REPORT IS A SURVEY OF RESULTS FROM A MORE ELABORATE RESEARCH STUDY JOINTLY UNDERTAKEN BY SERC(CRIEPI)AND EWI.THE RESULTS ARE AS FOLLOWS: (1)CONCERNING THE IMPACT OF COMPETITION ON DSM,IT CAN BE POINTED OUT THAT UNBUNDING WILL LEAVE RETAIL SUPPLIERS AND ENERGY SERVICES COMPANIES AS PROVIDER OF DSM SERVICES.GENERATION AND TRANSMISSION COMPANIES WOULD HAVE LITTLE INCENTIVE TO PROMOTE DSM AS THEYARE MOST LIKELY TO SELL ELECTRICITY AS A COMMODITY. (2)ON THE OTHER HAND,DSM WILL PROVIDE A BUSINESS CHANCE AS A MARKETING TOOL TO ACHIEVE CUSTOMER SATISFACTION IF THE EMPHASIS IN THE RETAIL MARKET CHANGES TO FOCUS ON THE EFFICIENT DELIVERY OF ENERGY SERVICES.DSM WILL ALSO PROVIDE ATOOL OF RISK MANAGEMENT LOWERING COST OF CAPITAL IN A COMPETITIVE ENVIRONMENT. (3)WITH THE INTRODUCTION OF COMPETITION,UTILITIES VOLUNTARILY PURSUE ENERGY CONSERVATION AND DSM PROGRAMMES THAT ARE TRULY COST-BENEFICIAL TO THEM.HOWEVER,DESIRABLE DSM PROGRAMMES FROM A SOCIETAL POINT OFVIEW WILL NEED GOVERNMENT SUPPORT AND SHOULD BE FINANCED THROUGH A SURCHARGE ON THE DISTRIBUTION TARIFF. (4)IT IS OFTEN ASSERTED THAT THE EMPLOYMENT OF RENEWABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES IN ELECTRICITY GENERATION WILLBECOME MORE DIFFICULT WITH THE INTRODU

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