報告書番号

Y88015

タイトル（和文）

電気事業に特有な属性を考慮した費用分析－ヘドニックコストモデルによるアプローチ

タイトル（英文）

HEDONIC COST FUNCTION FOR JAPANESE ELECTRIC UTILITIES

概要 （図表や脚注は「報告書全文」に掲載しております）

本稿は，供給コストの低減に資するため，電気事業の費用構造について分析を行ったものである。本分析では，電気事業に特有の技術的，制度的な要因である負荷率・需要密度等のいわゆる属性変数を明示的に考慮したヘドニックコストモデルを構築した。本モデルによって，観測期間（昭和５６年度～昭和６１年度）内での（１）各属性変数の費用に及ぼす効果，（２）属性変数の影響を考慮した生産性，（３）投入要素間の代替の弾力性を新たに計測することができた。さらに，（４）都市圏と地方圏の会社では，属性変数の弾力性にそれぞれ特徴が認められ，両社における差異を数量的に捉えることもできた。

概要 （英文）

WE CONSTRUCTED A HEDONIC COST FUNCTION FOR JAPANESE ELECTRIC UTILITIES. A HEDONIC COST FUNCTION IS A MODEL THAT HASEXPLICITLY CHARACTERISTIC OR HEDONIC VARIABLES. WE MEASURED THE ELASTICITIES OF HEDONIC FACTORS TO TOTAL COST. MOREOVER,WE ANALYZED SCALE ECONOMIES,TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY AND THE ELASTICITY OF SUBSTITUTION IN CONSIDERATION OF THE IMPACT OF HEDONIC FACTORS. IN THIS REPAT, WE USED 5 HEDONIC VARIABLES:TOTAL OUTAGE,LOSS FACTOR ON TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION,THERMAL POWER GENERATION RATIO,ANNUAL LOAD FACTOR AND DEMAND DENSITY. THE MAIN RESULTS ARE AS FOLLOWS: THE PERFORMANCE OF THE SIGNIFICANCE OF PARAMETERS AND THE MODEL FIT WERE GOOD. (1)THE MOST HIGHLY ELASTIC HEDONIC VARIABLE IS ANNUAL LOAD FACTOR AND BOTH THE LOSS RATE AND THERMAL POWER GENERATION RATIO ARE HIGHER THAN OTHER VARIABLES. (2)SCALE ECONOMIES AND GROWTH RATE OF TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY ARE VERY LOW. THIS RESULT IS AS SAME AS PREVIOUS RESULT FROM THE GENERAL TRANSLOG MODEL. (3)THERE IS A COMPLIMENTARY RELATION SHIP BETWEEN CAPITAL AND FUEL, AND A SUBSTITUTIONAL RELATION SHIP BETWEEN OTHER FACTORS FOR ELASTICITY OF SUBSTITUTION. COMPARED TO OTHER INDUSTRIES,ELASFICITY OF SUBSTITUTION IS RELATIVELY LOW IN ELECTRIC UTILITIES AND SHOWS INPUT INFLEXIBILITYFOR PRODUCTION. WE FOUND ELASTICITIES OF HEDONIC FACTORS TO TOTAL COST. SCALE ECONOMIES AND THE GROWTH RATE OF TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY WITHHEDONIC FACTORS THROUGH OUR HEDONIC COST FUNCTION MODEL. HOWEVER, SOMEVARIABLES ARE EXCLUDED FROM OUR MODEL. IT IS IMPORTANT TO MOVE TO A DYNAMIC MODEL SO WE CAN CONSIDER THE ADJUSTMENT OF CAPITAL AND ANALYZE THE INVESTMENT BEHAVIOR OF THE FIRM.

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