報告書番号

480014

タイトル（和文）

施設園芸ハウスにおける環境調節方式に関する研究（５）地域を異にしたトマト栽培のエネルギー消費と生産諸元－

タイトル（英文）

STUDIES ON ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL SYSTEM IN GREENHOUSE (5) -CULTIVATION TRIALS AT SEVERAL SITES-

概要 （図表や脚注は「報告書全文」に掲載しております）

園芸施設の環境調節は，エネルギー利用効率向上の観点から，環境に対する作物の生育反応と操作機器の特性の活用についての配慮がとくに重要であると考え，複合環境調節装置を開発した。本報告は，５場所の協力を得て実施したトマト栽培実証試験結果であり，複合環境調節条件下におけるトマトの生育，収量と電力消費量などとの関係について実験的に明らかにした。促成（越冬）栽培にけおる燃料消費量はトマト１ｋｇ当り，０．５４から１，８９■であり，電力消費量は０．０９から２．５３ｋｗｈであった。また半促成栽培においては，燃料消費量は０．８３から１．１１ｋｗｈであった。これらの結果，複合環境調節装置の省エネルギー効果とともにエネルギー利用効率を高める効果を確かめた。

概要 （英文）

THE PURPOSE OF AUTOMATIC ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL IN GREENHOUSES ARE TO REDUCE LABOR COSTS, SAVE ENERGY AND IMPROVE YIELDS. WITH THE CURRENT ENERGY SITUATION, IT IS NECESSARY TO RECONCILE THE NEED TO ENERGY SAVING WITH MAXIMIZING YIELDS IN THE ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT OF PROTECTED CULTIVATION. A MULTI-ELEMENT CONTROL SYSTEM WHICH CONTROLS CLIMATE FACTORS SUCH AS TEMPERARURE, CONCENTRATION OF CARBON DIOXIDE GAS AND HUMIDITY ACCRDING TO THE CHANGING INTENSITY OF THE SOLAR RADIATION,HAS BEEN DEVELOPED TO MEET THE NEED FOR IMPROVED ENERGY USE EFFICINCY. THE AUTHORS HAVE CONTINUED INVESTIGATION OF THE APPLICABILITYOF THIS SYSTEM WITH CULTIVATION EXPERIMENTS AT SEVERAL SITES. IN THIS PAPER,THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TOMATO PRODUCTION, ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS,AND ENERGY CONSUMPTION UNDER SAME SET POINTS DURING TWO CROPPING PERIODS IS DESCIRBED.THE FIRST CROPPING PERIOD WAS PLANTED IN NOVEMBER 1978 AND CROPPED UNTIL APRIL 1979(WINTER CROP). THE SECOND WAS FROM FEBRUARY 1979(SPRING CROP) AT THE KUREHA AGICULTURE EXPERIMENTAL STATION OF THE HOKURIKU ELECTRIC POWER CO., IN TOYAMA PREFECTURE, THE BIO-ENVIRONMENT LABORATORY AND AKAGI AGRICULTURE EXPERIMENTAL STATION. FUEL OIL ANDELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION PER UNIT WEIGHT OF TOMATO PRODUCED WERE STRONGLY AFFECTED BY OUTSIDE AIR TEMPERATURE AND SOLAR RADIATION DURING THE CROPPING PERIODS. DURING THE FIRST CROPPING PERIOD, FUEL OIL CONSUMPTIONRANGED FROM 0.54LITER TO 1.89LITER PER KG OF TOMATO PRODUCTION. ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION WAS 0.09KWH TO 2.53KWH PER KG OF TOMATO PRODUCTION.DURING THE SECOND CROPPING PERIOD,FUEL OIL CONSUMPTION RANGED FROM 0.40LITER TO 0.52LITER PER KG OF TOMATO PRODUCTION. ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION WAS 0.83KWH TO 1.11KWH PER KG OF TOMATO PRODUCTION.

報告者

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