報告書番号

Y05032

タイトル（和文）

科学技術リスクに対する”一般の人々との隔たり意識”が専門家の情報提供行動に及ぼす影響

タイトル（英文）

An Effect of Experts" Awareness of Differences in Risk Perception "on Science Communication to the Public

概要 （図表や脚注は「報告書全文」に掲載しております）

本研究では，専門家を対象とした質問紙調査により，以下の3つを検証した。1)当該専門家は科学技術リスクの認識における”一般市民との隔たり意識”を感じているのか，2）専門家自身の一般市民に向けた情報提供行動を阻害する方向に影響を及ぼすのか，3）”隔たり意識”はどのような要因に規定されているのか。対象科学技術として「原子力発電」「遺伝子組み換え食品」「電磁波」を取り上げた。分析の結果，当該専門家は，非当該専門家よりも”一般市民との隔たり”をより大きく感じていることが確認された。原子力専門家においては，この”一般市民との隔たり”を大きく感じている専門家ほど，対話経験が少ないことが示され，”隔たり意識”が一般市民との対話に躊躇を感じさせる可能性のあることが示唆された。また，”一般市民との隔たり意識”は，一般市民についてのイメージやマスメディア報道の効果についての考えによって規定されていることが示された。

概要 （英文）

Our previous study showed a bigger difference between expert's own risk perception and experts' inference of the public risk perception about technologies, i.e. (Nuclear Power Generation, Genetic Modified Foods(GMFs)). This awareness of difference in risk perception suggested that experts felt distance from the public on the technological risk, so that we supposed that the wider gaps more experts feel between the public and themselves in risk perception, the more hesitant experts may act in science communicatione to with the public.In this study, we conducted an questionnaire survey to experts who studied relevant technologiesies (Nuclear Engineers, Genetic Engineers, Electric Engineers) as respondents in order to clarify; 1) whether experts always estimate the large differences in risk perception between the public and themselves or not, 2) if such difference existed, whether the awareness of difference reduce the degree of experts' participation in science communication with the public or not, and 3) which factors may effect do experts' inference of the public risk perception. From the survey results, the following findings were obtained; a)It was reaffirmed that experts were inclined to feel larger difference in risk perception between the public risk perception and experts themselves on the subject of their own specialty than of non-t their specialty. b)The bigger experts recognized difference in risk perception from the public, the less they actually had experiences of science communication including communication with the public. and c)The tendency to feel the larger distance from the public in risk perception were made by cognition of "the public think that science and technology involving any risk should not be used", "coverage of mass media effect on public opinion strongly", and "progress of science and technology will be surely to solve energy issues and environmental problems". These causal relations, however, are revealed clearly in nuclear engineers, while it was not identified in genetic engineers and electric engineers.

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